IELTS, сдавайся! - Сдаём письменный IELTS - Уровень General Training - Задание 2

Во втором письменном задании уровня GT вас попросят написать сочинение в ответ на заданную ситуацию или утверждение. Сочинение должно отражать вашу точку зрения и включать поддерживающие её аргументы и примеры. Типы сочинений здесь точно такие же, как на уровне Academic, однако темы обычно ближе к повседневной жизни, а не

научные или технические.

 

Ниже я приведу основные типы заданий для сочинения, которые могут вам попасться на письменной части IELTS уровня General Training, и варианты ответов:

 

Opinion Essay (согласны или нет с утверждением)

 

В задании к этому типу сочинения вас попросят высказать своё мнение по поводу того или иного утверждения. Вам нужно сказать, согласны вы с ним или нет, и привести в подтверждение собственной точки зрения рассуждения и примеры.

 

Пример задания:

 

Some people believe that teenagers should have part-time jobs while they are still in school.
Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Пример сочинения:

 

Вступление - In today’s world, it is common for teenagers to take up part-time jobs while still in school. Some people argue that this can provide them with valuable skills and experience, while others believe it might negatively impact their academic performance. In my opinion, I believe that part-time jobs are beneficial for teenagers, provided that they maintain a balance between work and school.

 

Абзац 1 - One of the main advantages of having a part-time job as a teenager is the opportunity to develop essential life skills. Working at a young age teaches teenagers responsibility, time management, and how to handle money. For example, working at a retail store requires young people to be punctual, interact with customers, and manage their schedules around school. These skills will not only help them in their future careers but also in their personal lives.

 

Абзац 2 - Additionally, a part-time job can give teenagers a sense of independence and financial responsibility. Earning their own money allows them to make personal decisions about how to spend or save, which can teach them the value of hard work and financial planning. For instance, many teenagers use their earnings to save for college or contribute to their family’s expenses, which makes them more conscious about the cost of living and the importance of saving.

 

Абзац 3 (его может и не быть) – However, it is important that teenagers do not let their part-time jobs interfere with their education. If a student works too many hours, it may lead to fatigue, stress, and poor academic performance. Therefore, it is crucial for teenagers to maintain a balance between work and study by limiting the number of hours they work each week. Parents and employers should also play a role in ensuring that the job does not negatively impact the student’s academic success.

 

Заключение – In conclusion, I agree that teenagers should be encouraged to take up part-time jobs, as they can learn valuable skills and gain independence. However, it is essential that they do not compromise their education in the process. With proper time management and support, part-time work can be a positive experience for teenagers.

 

Discussion Essay (обсуждаете обе точки зрения)

 

Вам предлагается обсудить две противоположные точки зрения на определённый вопрос. Иногда вас могут попросить высказать и собственное мнение.

 

Пример задания:

 

Some people think that parents should teach their children how to be good members of society, while others believe that school is the best place to learn this. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

 

Пример сочинения:

 

Вступление - Raising children to become responsible members of society is a crucial task, and there are differing views on who should take the lead in this process. Some argue that parents play the most important role in teaching their children how to behave well in society, while others believe that schools are better equipped for this responsibility. In my opinion, both parents and schools have important roles to play, and a combination of both can provide the best outcomes.

 

Абзац 1 – On the one hand, parents are the first and most influential teachers in a child's life. From a very young age, children learn behavior and values by observing their parents. For example, parents can teach their children the importance of respect, honesty, and kindness through daily interactions and by setting a good example. Furthermore, parents understand their children’s personalities and can provide guidance tailored to their individual needs. Since children spend a significant amount of time at home, parents have numerous opportunities to shape their behavior and instill core values that contribute to society.

 

Абзац 2 – On the other hand, schools play a vital role in teaching children how to function as part of a community. Schools provide a structured environment where children are exposed to different social situations, such as teamwork, competition, and conflict resolution. For example, through group projects, sports, and extracurricular activities, children learn how to cooperate with others, follow rules, and handle disagreements. Additionally, schools often have formal programs that focus on citizenship, ethics, and social responsibility, ensuring that all students receive a consistent education on how to be good members of society.

 

Абзац 3 (если требуется) – In my view, both parents and schools must work together to raise well-rounded and socially responsible individuals. Parents lay the foundation for moral behavior, but schools provide the social environment where these values are put into practice. Children benefit when they receive consistent messages at home and at school about what is acceptable behavior. For example, if parents teach their children to respect others and schools reinforce this message through group activities and discussions, the child is more likely to adopt these values.

 

Вывод – In conclusion, while parents play a fundamental role in shaping their children’s character, schools are equally important in helping children apply these lessons in a broader social context. A combination of strong parental guidance and supportive school programs can ensure that children grow into responsible and respectful members of society.

 

Advantages and Disadvantages Essay

 

В этом типе сочинения вас попросят обсудить преимущества и недостатки той или иной ситуации. Иногда вас могут спросить, считаете ли вы, что преимущества эти самые недостатки перевешивают. Внимательно читайте задание.

 

Пример задания:

 

In some countries, many people prefer to rent their homes rather than buy them. What are the advantages and disadvantages of renting a home?

 

Пример сочинения:

 

Вступление – In many parts of the world, people are increasingly choosing to rent homes instead of purchasing them. While renting offers several advantages such as flexibility and lower upfront costs, it also has some drawbacks, particularly the lack of long-term financial security. In this essay, I will discuss both the benefits and disadvantages of renting a home.

 

Абзац 1 (Advantages) – One of the key advantages of renting a home is flexibility. Renters can easily move from one place to another without the complications of selling a property. This is particularly beneficial for people with jobs that require frequent relocation or for those who enjoy experiencing different neighborhoods or cities. Another advantage is that renting generally requires lower upfront costs. Purchasing a home often involves a large down payment, while renting only requires a deposit and the first month’s rent. Additionally, renters are not responsible for property maintenance, as this is typically the landlord's responsibility. For example, if a renter’s heating system breaks down, the landlord is usually obligated to cover the repair costs.

 

Абзац 2 (Disadvantages) – However, there are also significant disadvantages to renting. One of the main drawbacks is the lack of ownership. Renters do not build equity in the property they live in, meaning that their monthly payments do not contribute to long-term financial stability. Over time, renting can be more expensive than buying, as homeowners eventually pay off their mortgage and own their property outright, whereas renters must continue to make payments indefinitely. Furthermore, renters have less control over their living situation. For example, a landlord may decide to increase the rent or sell the property, forcing the renter to move out unexpectedly.

 

Вывод – In conclusion, while renting offers advantages such as flexibility and reduced maintenance responsibilities, it also has disadvantages, particularly the lack of long-term financial benefits and security. Ultimately, whether to rent or buy depends on an individual’s financial situation, lifestyle, and future plans. For those seeking stability and investment, homeownership may be the better option, while renting may suit those who prioritize flexibility and lower initial costs.

 

Problem-Solution Essay

 

В этом типе сочинения вам придётся описывать какую-нибудь проблему и предлагать её возможное решение. Вам нужно объяснить, в чём дело, и придумать реалистичный выход из положения.

 

Пример задания:

 

In many cities around the world, the number of cars is increasing, leading to traffic congestion.
What are the main causes of this problem, and what solutions can you suggest?

 

Пример сочинения:

 

Вступление – In recent years, the rising number of cars on the road has become a significant issue in cities across the globe. This has led to serious traffic congestion, which affects both the environment and people’s quality of life. In this essay, I will discuss the main causes of traffic congestion and suggest some practical solutions to address this growing problem.

 

Абзац 1 (причины) – One of the primary reasons for the increase in traffic congestion is the affordability and accessibility of cars. Over the years, the cost of purchasing a vehicle has decreased, making it easier for more people to own a car. Additionally, car loans and financing options have made it possible for individuals to buy vehicles even if they do not have the full amount upfront. Another cause is poor public transportation systems. In many cities, public transport is either insufficient or unreliable, which forces people to rely on their own cars to commute. For instance, in cities with limited bus or train routes, people often have no choice but to drive, which increases the number of vehicles on the road.

 

Абзац 2 (решение) – One solution to this problem is to improve public transportation systems. Governments should invest in building efficient and reliable public transport networks, such as buses, trains, and subways. This would encourage more people to leave their cars at home and use public transport instead. For example, cities like Tokyo and Singapore have world-class transportation systems that help reduce traffic congestion significantly. Another effective solution is to introduce congestion charges in crowded city centers. By charging drivers a fee to enter congested areas during peak hours, cities can discourage unnecessary car use and reduce the number of vehicles on the road. This has been successfully implemented in cities like London, where traffic congestion has decreased after the introduction of a congestion charge.

 

Заключение – In conclusion, the increasing number of cars on the road is primarily caused by the affordability of vehicles and inadequate public transport systems. To address this issue, cities must focus on improving public transportation and implementing policies such as congestion charges. By taking these steps, we can reduce traffic congestion and make our cities more livable for everyone.

 

Double Question (Two-Part Question)

 

В этом сочинении вас попросят осветить на два разных, но связанных между собой вопроса. На оба придётся давать структурированный ответ.

 

Пример задания:

 

More and more people are choosing to work from home. Why is this happening? Do you think this is a positive or negative development?

 

Пример сочинения:

 

Вступление – In recent years, there has been a growing trend of people working from home, a shift that has been greatly facilitated by advancements in technology and changing attitudes towards work-life balance. There are several reasons for this change, and while working from home offers many benefits, it also has its drawbacks. In this essay, I will explore why more people are choosing to work from home and discuss whether I believe this is a positive or negative development.

 

Абзац 1 (ответ на 1-й вопрос) – One of the main reasons more people are working from home is the advancement of technology. The widespread availability of high-speed internet, video conferencing tools, and cloud-based software has made it possible for people to perform their tasks remotely, without the need to be physically present in an office. Furthermore, many companies are recognizing the cost savings associated with allowing employees to work from home, such as reduced office space and utility expenses. Another reason is the desire for a better work-life balance. Working from home allows employees to have more flexibility in their schedules, helping them manage family responsibilities and reduce the time spent commuting.

 

Абзац 2 (ответ на 2-й вопрос) – In my opinion, working from home is a positive development for several reasons. First, it can lead to increased productivity. Without the distractions of an office environment and the time-consuming commute, employees can focus more on their work and complete tasks more efficiently. Second, working from home can greatly improve an individual’s quality of life. For example, they can spend more time with their families and pursue personal interests, which contributes to overall well-being. However, it is important to note that there are some potential downsides to remote work, such as feelings of isolation or the lack of a clear boundary between work and home life. To address this, it is essential for companies to offer support, such as regular virtual meetings or occasional in-office days.

 

Вывод – In conclusion, the shift towards working from home is largely driven by technological advancements and the desire for greater flexibility. While there are some challenges associated with remote work, I believe it is a positive development overall, as it improves productivity and enhances work-life balance for many people. 

 

Структура сочинения

 

Какое бы из вышеперечисленных сочинений вы ни писали, придерживайтесь одной и той же уже понятной вам структуры:

 

Вступление:

 

• Перефразируйте задание.
• Выдвиньте свой тезис (опишите вашу позицию или идею)

 

Абзацы:

 

• Каждый абзац должен включать в себя одну главную мысль.
• Приводите примеры и давайте пояснения.

 

Заключение-вывод:

 

• Суммируйте основные пункты изложенного.
• Повторите свой тезис или мнение.

 

Отличительные черты сочинения уровня General Training:

 

• Темы в GT носят более практический характер и предполагают повседневные ситуации, такие как работа, образование, семья и общество. 

• Уровень «формальности» обычно ниже, чем в сочинении Academic. 

• Язык сочинения обычно проще и не такой специализированный.

В любом случае важно приводить сбалансированные и хорошо обоснованные аргументы, используя внятную логику и конкретные примеры.

 

 

Продолжение следует…