Частный репетитор по английскому языку
Знание синонимов (то есть слов с похожими значениями) в любом языке крайне важно. В родном, русском, они обогащают нашу речь. В чужом, например, английском, они позволяют нам выкручиваться в самых сложных ситуациях. Тем более если вы делаете только первые шаги и сильно зависите именно от русского, то есть не рождаете сразу готовую английскую фразу, а вынуждены переводите мысль с русского на английский. В таком случае мы часто упираемся в нужное слово, которое, увы, не знаем, и в результате застопореваемся, столбенеем и не знаем, что сказать. А надо не столбенеть, но быстро подбирать либо слово со схожим значением, либо просто переходить на описание того, что это слово означает в данной ситуации.
Для этих целей я привожу ниже достаточно пространный перечень часто употребляемых слов и их синонимов, сопровождая его простенькими примерами.
Правда, есть тут одна заковырка. Я не зря в самом начале оговорился, что синонимы имеют «схожие» значения. Ведь если в языке на равных существует два слова, обозначающих одно явление, значит, оба они зачем-то нужны. То есть, они всё-таки в чём-то разные. Как forest и wood, или work и job (или labour), или fight и battle и многие другие. Тема эта сложная и интересная, однако в одной статье всего не опишешь. Поэтому давайте рассматривать её поэтапно.
Abandon —– Forsake
§ People often simply abandon their pets when they go abroad
§ He had made it clear to his wife that he would never forsake her.
Able —– Capable
§ You must be able to speak French for this job.
§ You are capable of better work than this.
Accomplish —– Achieve
§ Easy enough to say, but sometimes hard to accomplish!
§ They could not achieve their target of less than 3% inflation.
Accurate —– Precise
§ Scientists have found a more accurate way of dating cave paintings.
§ I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.
Active —– Athletic
§ She’s over 80, but is still very active.
§ He can play any sport, he’s naturally athletic.
Admit —– Confess
§ Don’t be afraid to admit to your mistakes.
§ We persuaded her to confess her crime.
Agree —– Consent
§ I agree with her analysis of the situation.
§ I rarely consent to do interviews.
Aim —– Goal/ Purpose
§ Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe.
§ Your goal as a parent is to help your child become an independent adult.
§ The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.
Alike —– Same
§ My mother and I are alike in many ways.
§ She was born on the same day as me.
All —– Every
§ The boys played video games all day.
§ I enjoyed every minute of the film.
Allow —– Permit
§ My parents wouldn’t allow me to go to the party
§ We were not permitted any contact with each other.
Amiable —– Friendly
§ Her parents seemed very amiable.
§ Everyone was very friendly towards me.
Amount —– Quantity
§ We’ve had an enormous amount of help from people.
§ The police also found a quantity of ammunition in the flat.
Angry —– Mad/ Irritated
§ Her behavior really made me angry.
§ He’s always been mad about kids.
§ She was getting more and more irritated at his comments.
Arrive —– Reach
§ They arrived at the airport at 10.30.
§ You should reach there around 9.45 a.m.
Ask —– Enquire
§ We’ll have to ask someone the way to the station.
§ I called the station to enquire about train times.
Assist —– Help
§ Anyone willing to assist can contact this number.
§ This charity aims to help people to help themselves.
Assure —– Guarantee
§ We were assured that everything possible was being done.
§ We cannot guarantee our flights will never be delayed.
Attire —– Dress
§ Their attire was a mixture of the sombre and seaside wear.
§ I am wearing the long white dress.
Away —– Absent
§ There were ten children away yesterday.
§ Today, he is absent from work.
Awful —– Terrible/ Bad
§ The weather last summer was awful.
§ That’s a terrible thing to say!
§ I’m having a really bad day.
Bargain —– Deal
§ The car was a bargain at that price.
§ We did a deal with the management on overtime.
Begin —– Start
§ He always begins his lessons with a warmup exercise.
§ I only started this book yesterday.
Beginner —– Novice/ Amateur
§ She’s in the beginners’ class.
§ I’m a complete novice at skiing.
§ The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.
Behave —– Act
§ The doctor behaved very unprofessionally.
§ John’s been acting very strangely lately.
Belly —– Stomach
§ They crawled along on their bellies.
§ You shouldn’t exercise on a full stomach.
Below —– Under
§ He dived below the surface of the water.
§ The dog squeezed under the gate and ran into the road.
Big —– Vast/ Large
§ It’s the world’s biggest computer company.
§ His business empire was vast.
§ Brazil is the world’s largest producer of coffee.
Blank —– Empty
§ Sign your name in the blank space below.
§ It’s not good to drink alcohol on an empty stomach.
Blend —– Mix
§ Blend together the eggs, sugar and flour.
§ Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl.
Bother —– Annoy
§ I don’t want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
§ His constant joking was beginning to annoy her.
Brave —– Courageous
§ I wasn’t brave enough to tell her what I thought of her.
§ I hope people will be courageous enough to speak out against this injustice.
Broad —– Wide
§ He is tall, broad and muscular.
§ Her face broke into a wide grin.
Brute —– Rough/ Violent
§ His father was a drunken brute.
§ This watch is not designed for rough treatment.
§ Her husband was a violent man.
Bucket —– Pail
§ They were playing on the beach with their buckets and spades.
§ It was a community that drank out of the beer pail and ate out of the lunch bucket.
Bunny —– Rabbit
§ A little bunny seemed harmless enough.
§ I want to have a rabbit.
Business —– Trade
§ It’s been a pleasure to do business with you.
§ Trade between the two countries has increased.
Buy —– Purchase
§ If you’re thinking of getting a new car, now is a good time to buy.
§ The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
Center —– Middle
§ There was an enormous oak table in the center of the room.
§ He was standing in the middle of the room.
Chiefly —– Mainly
§ We are chiefly concerned with improving educational standards.
§ They eat mainly fruit and nuts.
Child —– Kid
§ I lived in London as a child.
§ She’s a bright kid.
Choose —– Select/ Pick
§ We have to choose a new manager from a shortlist of five candidates.
§ She was selected as the parliamentary candidate for Bath.
§ She picked the best cake for herself.
Chop —– Cut
§ He was chopping logs for firewood.
§ You need a powerful saw to cut through metal.
Close —– Shut
§ I closed my eyes against the bright light.
§ Philip went into his room and shut the door behind him.
Coat —– Jacket
§ I have a long winter coat.
§ I have to wear a jacket and tie to work.
Cold —– Chilly/ Freezing
§ Today, it is very cold.
§ I was feeling chilly.
§ My hands are freezing!
Competent —– Capable
§ He’s very competent in his work.
§ You are capable of better work than this.
Complete —– Finish
§ The project should be completed within a year.
§ She finished law school last year.
Complex —– Complicated
§ That’s a complex problem.
§ The story is extremely complicated.
Connect —– Join
§ The towns are connected by train and bus services.
§ The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
Cope —– Manage
§ He wasn’t able to cope with the stresses and strains of the job.
§ She’s 82 and can’t manage on her own any more.
Couch —– Sofa
§ Tom offered to sleep on the couch.
§ I took my shoe off and lay down on the sofa.
Coarse —– Rough
§ He is wearing a jacket of coarse wool.
§ The skin on her hands was hard and rough.
Crash —– Accident
§ A girl was killed yesterday in a crash involving a stolen car.
§ He was killed in an accident.
Crook —– Criminal
§ The film portrays a world of smalltime crooks, petty crime and drinking clubs.
§ Lawyers are not allowed to comment on current criminal cases.
Cry —– Weep
§ It’s all right. Don’t cry.
§ She started to weep uncontrollably.
Cunning —– Clever
§ It was a cunning piece of detective work.
§ He’s clever with his hands.
Danger —– Harm
§ Children’s lives are in danger every time they cross this road.
§ He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm.
Daybreak —– Dawn/ Sunrise
§ We left before daybreak.
§ They start work at dawn.
§ We left before sunrise.
Dear —– Expensive
§ Everything’s so dear now, isn’t it?
§ I can’t afford it, it’s too expensive.
Defective —– Faulty
§ Her hearing was found to be slightly defective.
§ Ask for a refund if the goods are faulty.
Delicious —– Yummy
§ This dish is delicious with cream.
§ These biscuits are yummy.
Demolish —– Destroy/ Wreck
§ The factory is due to be demolished next year.
§ The building was completely destroyed by fire.
§ The house was a wreck when we bought it.
Demonstrate —– Protest
§ They are demonstrating in favor of free higher education.
§ Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
Denounce —– Blame/ Indict
§ Amnesty International denounced the failure by the authorities to take action.
§ The report blames poor safety standards for the accident.
§ They were indicted on a number of corruption charges.
Dense —– Thick/ Heavy
§ A narrow track wound steeply up through dense forest.
§ This breed of cattle has a very thick coat.
§ The air was heavy with the scent of flowers.
Depart —– Leave
§ The train departed Amritsar at 6.15 p.m.
§ The plane leaves for Dallas at 12.35.
Despise —– Hate/ Detest/ Loathe
§ She thoroughly despised him for his weakness.
§ He hates violence in any form.
§ They detested each other on sight.
§ I loathe modern art.
Destiny —– Fate
§ I believe there’s some force guiding us—call it God, destiny or fate.
§ By a strange twist of fate, Andy and I were on the same plane.
Destitute —– Poor/ Penniless
§ When he died, his family was left completely destitute.
§ They were too poor to buy shoes for the kids.
§ Uncle Charlie was jobless and penniless.
Detach —– Remove
§ The skis should detach from the boot if you fall.
§ Three children were removed from the school for persistent bad behavior.
Deter —– Hinder
§ The high price of the service could deter people from seeking advice.
§ Some teachers felt hindered by a lack of resources.
Determined —– Sure/ Convinced
§ I’m determined to succeed.
§ You don’t sound very sure.
§ I am convinced of her innocence.
Different —– Diverse
§ They are sold in many different colors.
§ My interests are very diverse.
Difficult —– Hard
§ Your writing is really difficult to read.
§ It was one of the hardest things I ever did.
Diminish —– Decrease
§ The world’s resources are rapidly diminishing.
§ The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.
Disappear —– Vanish
§ The plane disappeared behind a cloud.
§ The magician vanished in a puff of smoke.
Disclose —– Reveal
§ The spokesman refused to disclose details of the takeover to the press.
§ The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.
Down —– Below
§ The stone rolled down the hill.
§ He dived below the surface of the water.
Earth —– Ground
§ After a week at sea, it was good to feel the earth beneath our feet again.
§ I found her lying on the ground.
Easy —– Simple
§ It’s easy for you to tell me to keep calm, but you’re not in my position.
§ The answer is really quite simple.
Encourage —– Urge
§ My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.
§ The report urged that all children be taught to swim.
End —– Finish/ Conclude
§ They decided to end their relationship.
§ She finished law school last year.
§ She concluded her speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.
Enlarge —– Magnify
§ There are plans to enlarge the recreation area.
§ The picture shows the insect’s head magnified ten times.
Enormous —– Huge
§ The problems facing the President are enormous.
§ He gazed up at her with huge brown eyes.
Enquire —– Investigate
§ I called the station to enquire about train times.
§ The FBI has been called in to investigate.
Evaluate —– Assess
§ Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs.
§ Damage to the building was assessed at £40 000.
Everlasting —– Eternal
§ To his everlasting credit, he never told anyone what I’d done.
§ She’s an eternal optimist.
Extra —– Additional
§ Breakfast is provided at no extra charge.
§ The government provided an additional £25 million to expand the service.
Faithful —– Loyal/ Devoted
§ I have been a faithful reader of your newspaper for many years.
§ She has always remained loyal to her political principles.
§ They are devoted to their children.
Fall —– Drop
§ September had come and the leaves were starting to fall.
§ The climber slipped and dropped to his death.
False —– Untrue
§ He used a false name to get the job.
§ These accusations are totally untrue.
Famous —– Renowned
§ He became internationally famous for his novels.
§ She is renowned for her patience.
Fantastic —– Great
§ The weather was absolutely fantastic.
§ This represents a great achievement.
Fast —– Quick
§ He’s one of the fastest runners in the world.
§ She walked with short, quick steps.
Father —– Dad
§ He was a wonderful father to both his natural and adopted children.
§ That’s my dad over there.
Find —– Discover
§ Can you find my bag for me?
§ Police discovered a large stash of drugs while searching the house.
Fix —– Repair/ Mend
§ I’ve fixed the problem.
§ The human body has an amazing capacity to repair itself.
§ Could you mend my bike for me?
Fool —– Idiot
§ He told me he was an actor and I was fool enough to believe him.
§ When I lost my passport, I felt such an idiot.
Forbid —– Prohibit/ Ban
§ My doctor has forbidden me sugar.
§ The policy prohibits smoking on school grounds.
§ Chemical weapons are banned internationally.
Forgive —– Pardon
§ I’ll never forgive her for what she did.
§ She was pardoned after serving ten years of a life sentence.
Former —– Previous
§ Nelson Mandela is a former South African president.
§ She is his daughter from a previous marriage.
Fraction —– Part/ Portion/ Segment
§ She hesitated for the merest fraction of a second.
§ We spent part of the time in the museum.
§ The central portion of the bridge collapsed.
§ She cleaned a small segment of the painting.
Fragrance —– Perfume
§ They are about to launch their first fragrance for men.
§ She was wearing too much perfume.
Frank —– Candid
§ He was very frank about his relationship with the actress.
§ I felt she was being less than candid with me.
Freedom —– Liberty
§ People here like their freedom and privacy.
§ The concept of individual liberty is enshrined in the constitution.
Frenzy —– Fury/ Rage
§ The speaker worked the crowd up into a frenzy.
§ Her eyes blazed with fury.
§ His face was dark with rage.
Fresh —– Unused/ New
§ Let me write it down while it’s still fresh in my mind.
§ The house was left unused for most of the year.
§ Have you read her new novel?
Fun —– Enjoyment
§ We had a lot of fun at Sarah’s party.
§ I get a lot of enjoyment from music.
Funny —– Amusing/ Entertaining
§ It’s not funny! Someone could have been hurt.
§ It’s a very amusing game to play.
§ It was a very entertaining evening.
Furious —– Angry
§ She was absolutely furious at having been deceived.
§ Her behavior really made me angry.
Gain —– Acquire/ Obtain
§ The country gained its independence ten years ago.
§ She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
§ I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
Gallant —– Chivalrous
§ That wasn’t very gallant of you.
§ I was only trying to be chivalrous.
Garbage —– Trash/ Rubbish
§ Don’t forget to take out the garbage.
§ Will someone take out the trash?
§ The streets were littered with rubbish.
Gather —– Collect
§ His supporters gathered in the main square.
§ The company collects information about consumer trends.
Gaunt —– Scrawny/ Skinny/ Thin
§ She looked gaunt and exhausted.
§ He had long scrawny fingers.
§ She had wild hair and long skinny arms.
§ He was tall and thin, with dark hair.
Gentle —– Tender
§ He lived in a gentle age than ours.
§ What he needs now is a lot of tender loving care.
Gift —– Present
§ The watch was a gift from my mother.
§ What can I get him for a birthday present?
Glad —– Happy/ Pleased/ Delighted/ Cheerful/ Joyful/ Merry
§ She was glad when the meeting was over.
§ You don’t look very happy today.
§ She was very pleased with her exam results.
§ I was delighted that you could stay.
§ He felt bright and cheerful and full of energy.
§ It was a joyful reunion of all the family.
§ He’s a lovely man with merry eyes and a wide smile.
Good —– Excellent
§ The piano was in good condition.
§ She speaks excellent French.
Great —– Grand
§ People were arriving in great numbers.
§ It’s not a very grand house.
Hat —– Cap
§ I’m wearing two hats tonight—parent and teacher.
§ He is wearing a baseball cap.
Have —– Own/ Possess
§ I have a new car and a boat.
§ I don’t own anything of any value.
§ I’m afraid this is the only suitcase I possess.
Help —– Assist
§ He always helps with the housework.
§ We will assist you in finding somewhere to live.
Hot —– Boiling
§ It was hot and getting hotter.
§ You must be boiling in that sweater!
House —– Home
§ He went into the house.
§ We are not far from my home now.
Idea —– Thought
§ I like the idea of living on a boat.
§ I don’t like the thought of you walking home alone.
Important —– Significant
§ Money played an important role in his life.
§ Your work has shown a significant improvement.
Infant —– Baby
§ She was seriously ill as an infant.
§ My sister’s expecting a baby.
Inspect —– Examine
§ The plants are regularly inspected for disease.
§ The doctor examined her but could find nothing wrong.
Interesting —– Exciting
§ It would be interesting to know what he really believed.
§ They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.
Job —– Occupation/ Work/ Career
§ He’s trying to get a job.
§ Please state your name, age and occupation below.
§ It’s very difficult to find work at the moment.
§ He had a very distinguished career in the Foreign Office.
Jungle —– Forest
§ The area was covered in dense jungle.
§ Thousands of hectares of forest are destroyed each year.
Keep —– Hold
§ She keeps the blue bear as a souvenir.
§ The girl holds her father’s hand tightly.
Kind —– Helpful
§ She’s a very kind and generous person.
§ She’s one of the most helpful people I know.
Last —– Final/ Ultimate
§ I wouldn’t marry you if you were the last person on earth!
§ They find each other in the final chapter of the book.
§ We will accept ultimate responsibility for whatever happens.
Late —– Tardy
§ She’s late for work every day.
§ The law is often tardy in reacting to changing attitudes.
Laugh —– Giggle
§ She always makes me laugh.
§ The girls giggled at the joke.
Learn —– Study
§ She’s very keen to learn about Japanese culture.
§ My brother studied at the Royal College of Art.
Like —– Love/ Enjoy/ Prefer
§ I don’t like the way he’s looking at me.
§ If you love each other, why not get married?
§ Thanks for a great evening. I really enjoyed it.
§ I prefer my coffee black.
Listen —– Hear
§ I listened carefully to her story.
§ He could hear a dog barking.
Long —– Endless
§ There was a long silence before she spoke.
§ The journey seemed endless.
Look —– Glance/ See/ Watch/ View
§ If you look carefully you can just see our house from here.
§ She glanced at her watch.
§ I hate to see you unhappy.
§ She watched the kids playing in the yard.
§ People came from all over the world to view her work.
Loud —– Noisy
§ She spoke in a very loud voice.
§ The streets were very noisy throughout the night.
Lucky —– Fortunate
§ His friend was killed and he knows he is lucky to be alive.
§ I have been fortunate enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer.
Many —– Numerous
§ There are too many mistakes in this essay.
§ He has been late on numerous occasions.
Misery —– Distress/ Hardship
§ Fame brought her nothing but misery.
§ The charity aims to relieve poverty and distress caused by natural disasters.
§ People suffered many hardships during that long winter.
Mistake —– Error
§ It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion.
§ I think you have made an error in calculating the total.
Mix —– Stir/ Mingle/ Blend
§ Oil does not mix with water.
§ The vegetables are stirred into the rice while it is hot.
§ He felt a kind of happiness mingled with regret.
§ Blend the flour with the milk to make a smooth paste.
Mother —– Mom
§ I want to buy a present for my mother and father.
§ My mom says I have to stay home tonight.
Naughty —– Mischievous
§ He is a naughty boy.
§ She looked slightly mischievous.
Nearly —– Almost
§ The bottle’s nearly empty.
§ The story is almost certainly false.
Neat —– Tidy
§ She was wearing a neat black suit.
§ She keeps her flat very tidy.
Occur —– Happen
§ When exactly did the incident occur?
§ You’ll never guess what’s happened!
Odd —– Strange/ Queer/ Weird
§ The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me.
§ A strange thing happened this morning.
§ She had a queer feeling that she was being watched.
§ It’s really weird seeing yourself on television.
Old —– Ancient
§ He always gives the same old excuses.
§ That’s an ancient oak tree!
Opportunity —– Chance
§ You’ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
§ Please give me a chance to explain.
Outside —– Exterior
§ You can’t open the door from the outside.
§ The exterior of the house needs painting.
Page —– Sheet
§ Someone has torn a page out of this book.
§ Start each answer on a fresh sheet.
Particular —– Specific
§ There is one particular patient I’d like you to see.
§ The money was collected for a specific purpose.
Pastime —– Hobby
§ Watching television now seems to be the most popular national pastime.
§ I only play jazz as a hobby.
Pause —– Hesitate
§ Anita paused for a moment, then said: ‘All right’.
§ He seemed to hesitate a second.
Perform —– Act/ Carry out
§ She performs an important role in our organization.
§ Can you act as interpreter?
§ Extensive tests have been carried out on the patient.
Place —– Put
§ He placed his hand on her shoulder.
§ Did you put sugar in my coffee?
Play —– Frolic
§ You’ll have to play inside today.
§ Lambs frolicked in the next field.
Polite —– Courteous
§ Please be polite to our guests.
§ The hotel staffs are friendly and courteous.
Popular —– Favorite
§ This is one of our most popular designs.
§ It’s one of my favorite movies.
Precarious —– Uncertain/ Insecure
§ The museum is in a financially precarious position.
§ They’re both uncertain about what to do.
§ Insecure doors and windows make life easy for burglars.
Pretty —– Beautiful
§ She is a pretty girl.
§ She looked stunningly beautiful that night.
Prompt —– Immediate/ Instant
§ Prompt payment of the invoice would be appreciated.
§ Our immediate response to the attack was sheer horror.
§ This account gives you instant access to your money.
Pull —– Tug
§ Pull the chair nearer the table.
§ She tried to escape but he tugged her back.
Push —– Shove
§ She pushed at the door but it wouldn’t budge.
§ The door wouldn’t open no matter how hard she shoved.
Quake —– Tremble
§ They are quaking in their boots at the prospect of tomorrow’s game.
§ He opened the letter with trembling hands.
Quiet —– Peaceful
§ I was looking forward to a quiet evening at home.
§ He had a peaceful life.
Quiet —– Silent
§ “Be quiet,” said the teacher.
§ “Keep silent, please!”
Quite —– Fairly/ Pretty
§ He plays quite well.
§ I know him fairly well, but I wouldn’t say we were really close friends.
§ I’m pretty sure I’ll be going.
Raise —– Lift
§ She raised the gun and fired.
§ I lifted the lid of the box and peered in.
Real —– Genuine/ True
§ Are those real flowers?
§ Is the painting a genuine Picasso?
§ The novel is based on a true story.
Receive —– Get
§ He received an award for bravery from the police service.
§ I got a letter from Dave this morning.
Regret —– Remorse
§ She expressed her regret at the decision.
§ She felt no remorse at leaving them without notice.
Reject —– Deny/ Refuse
§ The prime minister rejected any idea of reforming the system.
§ She denied all knowledge of the incident.
§ I politely refused their invitation.
Reliable —– Dependable/ Trustworthy
§ We are looking for someone who is reliable and hardworking.
§ She is a dependable man.
§ If you want your mom to trust you, you have to be a trustworthy person.
Remark —– Comment
§ The judges remarked on the high standard of entries for the competition.
§ I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.
Renew —– Resume
§ The army renewed its assault on the capital.
§ She resumed her career after an interval of six years.
Rescue —– Save
§ He rescued a child from drowning.
§ Doctors were unable to save her.
Respect —– Honor
§ I have the greatest respect for your brother.
§ They stood in silence as a mark of honor to her.
Respond —– Reply/ Answer
§ I asked him his name, but he didn’t respond.
§ He never replied to any of my letters.
§ I repeated the question, but she didn’t answer.
Rest —– Relax
§ The doctor told me to rest.
§ Just relax and enjoy the movie.
Right —– Correct/ Proper/ True
§ You were quite right to criticize him.
§ Please check that these details are correct.
§ We should have had a proper discussion before voting.
§ I think it would be true to say that the show was a success.
Rich —– Wealthy
§ Nobody gets rich from writing nowadays.
§ They live in a wealthy suburb of Chicago.
Round —– Circular
§ The child was watching it all with big round eyes.
§ The crater was two miles across and roughly circular.
Rug —– Carpet
§ There were several brightly colored rugs scattered around.
§ My bedroom carpet is green.
Rule —– Law
§ The 1972 act imposed direct rule from Westminster.
§ The reforms have recently become law.
Sack —– Bag
§ We need about a sack of rice.
§ She is holding a plastic bag.
Sad —– Unhappy
§ We are very sad to hear that you are leaving.
§ I was unhappy that she had to go.
Say —– Tell/ Talk/ Speak
§ Be quiet, I have something to say.
§ Tell me where you live.
§ Stop talking and listen!
§ The President refused to speak to the waiting journalists.
Scared —– Terrified/ Frightened/ Afraid
§ She is scared of going out alone.
§ I’m terrified of losing you.
§ I’m frightened of walking home alone in the dark.
§ I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night.
Shop —– Store
§ There’s a little gift shop around the corner.
§ She worked in a grocery store before going to college.
Shout —– Scream/ Yell
§ I shouted for help but nobody came.
§ He screamed at me to stop.
§ She yelled at the child to get down from the wall.
Shy —– Bashful/ Timid/ Embarrassed
§ She was too shy to ask anyone for help.
§ She looked bashful when he asked her what she wanted.
§ He stopped in the doorway, too timid to go in.
§ He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention.
Sick —– Ill
§ Her mother’s very sick.
§ Her father is seriously ill in St Luke’s hospital.
Sincere —– Honest
§ He seemed sincere enough when he said he wanted to help.
§ Give me your honest opinion.
Slim —– Slender/ Thin
§ She was tall and slim.
§ She is slender and stylish.
§ She was looking pale and thin.
Small —– Little/ Tiny/ Diminutive
§ They’re having a relatively small wedding.
§ She gave a little laugh.
§ Only a tiny minority hold such extreme views.
§ She was a diminutive figure beside her husband.
Smart —– Brilliant/ Intelligent/ Clever/ Bright
§ She’s smarter than her brother.
§ She has one of the most brilliant minds in the country.
§ She asked a lot of intelligent questions.
§ He’s too clever by half, if you ask me.
§ She’s probably the brightest student in the class.
Smile —– Grin
§ He smiled with relief.
§ They grinned with delight when they heard our news.
Sniff —– Smell
§ The dog sniffed at my shoes.
§ I could smell alcohol on his breath.
Sordid —– Dirty
§ These were the urban poor, living in the sordid back streets and alleys of prosperous Victorian cities.
§ She circled the bedroom, picking up dirty clothes.
Speech —– Lecture
§ He made the announcement in a speech on television.
§ He regularly gives lectures on modern French literature.
Split —– Divide
§ She split the class into groups of four.
§ A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments.
Spooky —– Scary/ Creepy
§ It got a bit spooky when James started telling ghost stories.
§ It was a really scary moment.
§ It’s kind of creepy down in the cellar!
Sprint —– Run
§ Three runners sprinted past.
§ I had to run to catch the bus.
Stone —– Rock
§ The floors are made of stone.
§ To build the tunnel, they had to cut through 500 feet of solid rock.
Story —– Tale
§ He read the children a story.
§ His latest book is a delightful children’s tale about talking animals.
Street —– Highway
§ The bank is just across the street.
§ He took highway 314 heading north.
Suggest —– Propose
§ May I suggest a white wine with this dish, Sir?
§ The government proposed changes to the voting system.
Sundown —– Sunset
§ The celebration begins at sundown.
§ Every evening at sunset the flag was lowered.
Sure —– Certain
§ You don’t sound very sure.
§ She looks certain to win an Oscar.
Talkative —– Communicative
§ She was in a talkative mood.
§ He wasn’t very communicative and kept things to himself.
Taxi —– Cab
§ We’d better take a taxi.
§ I took a cab to the airport.
Temper —– Mood
§ He must learn to control his temper.
§ He’s always in a bad mood.
Thankful —– Grateful
§ I was thankful to see they’d all arrived safely.
§ I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.
Think —– Ponder/ Consider
§ I didn’t think you liked sports.
§ The senator pondered the question for a moment.
§ She considered her options.
Toss —– Throw
§ She tossed her jacket onto the bed.
§ Some kids were throwing stones at the window.
Total —– Entire/ Whole
§ This bought the total number of accidents so far this year to 113.
§ The entire village was destroyed.
§ He spent the whole day writing.
Transform —– Convert
§ The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses.
§ The hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home.
Trip —– Journey
§ We went on a trip to the mountains.
§ They went on a long train journey across India.
Trust —– Believe
§ You can trust me not to tell anyone.
§ I believed his lies for years.
Try —– Attempt
§ I don’t know if I can come but I’ll try.
§ I will attempt to answer all your questions.
Trivial —– Unimportant
§ I know it sounds trivial, but I’m worried about it.
§ I was just a young girl from a small town and I felt very unimportant.
Uncommon —– Unusual
§ Side effects from the drug are uncommon.
§ She has a very unusual name.
Uncooked —– Raw
§ The steak was uncooked in the middle.
§ These fish are often eaten raw.
Uneasy —– Restless/ Concerned/ Nervous/ Anxious
§ His presence made her feel uneasy.
§ After five years in the job, he was beginning to feel restless.
§ The President is deeply concerned about this issue.
§ I felt really nervous before the interview.
§ He seemed anxious about the meeting.
Unfortunate —– Unlucky
§ He was unfortunate to lose in the final round.
§ He was very unlucky not to win.
Unlawful —– Illegal
§ The jury returned a verdict of unlawful killing.
§ It’s illegal to drive through a red light.
Unmarried —– Single
§ She was sent away to a home for unmarried mothers.
§ The apartments are ideal for single people living alone.
Usually —– Generally
§ I’m usually home by 6 o’clock.
§ I generally get up at six.
Value —– Worth
§ The winner will receive a prize to the value of £1 000.
§ He has a personal net worth of $10 million.
Very —– Extremely
§ The new building has been very much admired.
§ This issue is extremely complicated.
Walk —– Stroll
§ He walked slowly away from her.
§ People were strolling along the beach.
Want —– Desire
§ She’s always wanted a large family.
§ We all desire health and happiness.
Weak —– Feeble
§ She is still weak after her illness.
§ The heartbeat was feeble and irregular.
Winner —– Victor
§ The winners of the competition will be announced next month.
§ There are no victors in a divorce.
Woman —– Lady
§ I prefer to see a woman doctor.
§ He was with an attractive young lady.
Wonderful —– Amazing
§ It’s wonderful what you can do when you have to.
§ It’s amazing the difference a few polite words make.
Word —– Expression
§ Could I have a quick word with you?
§ Her writing is full of colorful expressions.
Write —– Record
§ Write your name at the top of the paper.
§ The band is back in the US recording their new album.
Writer —– Author
§ She’s one of my favorite writers.
§ He was the author of two books on China.
Wrong —– Incorrect
§ He was driving on the wrong side of the road
§ His version of what happened is incorrect.
Yearly —– Annually
§ The magazine is issued twice yearly.
§ The exhibition is held annually.
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