Раздел TOEFL Writing состоит из двух частей: интегрированного задания и независимого эссе. Эти задания проверяют вашу способность писать на академические темы, используя как собственные идеи, так и интегрируя информацию из прочитанного и прослушанного.
В этом задании вы сначала читаете текст (около 3 минут), затем слушаете лекцию, которая контрастирует или дополняет информацию из текста. После этого вам нужно написать эссе, где вы сравниваете и противопоставляете информацию из текста и лекции. На выполнение этого задания у вас есть 20 минут.
Объяснение: Здесь требуется кратко пересказать ключевые моменты лекции и объяснить, как они оспаривают или подтверждают идеи из текста.
Стратегия:
Ответ (пример):
In the reading passage, the author argues that the decline of sea otter populations is primarily due to environmental pollution, specifically oil spills and industrial waste. However, the professor casts doubt on this theory by suggesting that predation by orcas is the main reason for the decline. According to the lecture, orcas have begun to hunt otters because their usual prey, such as seals, has become scarce. This behavior explains why otter populations are decreasing even in areas with no significant pollution. The professor also points out that pollution levels in the areas where otters live are not high enough to cause the widespread decline described in the reading.
В этом задании вы должны написать эссе на основе своего мнения по предложенной теме. У вас есть 30 минут для выполнения этого задания. Важно убедительно аргументировать своё мнение, используя примеры и доказательства.
Объяснение: Вопрос этого типа просит тебя выбрать одну из сторон и подкрепить своё мнение конкретными аргументами и примерами.
Стратегия:
Ответ (пример):
I strongly believe that it is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a large city. First, the countryside offers a healthier environment. Children who live in rural areas are surrounded by fresh air, nature, and open spaces, which allows them to be more physically active and reduces their exposure to pollution. For example, my cousin, who grew up in the countryside, spent much of his childhood outdoors, climbing trees and playing sports, which contributed to his strong health. Second, life in the countryside fosters a sense of community. In small towns, people tend to know each other well and help one another, which creates a supportive environment for children. In contrast, cities are often more anonymous, and children may feel isolated. For these reasons, I believe that the countryside is a better place for children to grow up.
Объяснение: Здесь вам нужно выбрать сторону и привести аргументы, поддерживающие ваш выбор.
Стратегия:
Ответ (пример):
I agree that universities should require students to take courses outside of their major. First, studying a variety of subjects helps students develop a broader understanding of the world and enhances their critical thinking skills. For example, a student majoring in computer science might benefit from taking a philosophy course, as it would encourage them to think about the ethical implications of technology. Second, taking courses outside of one's major allows students to discover new interests and potentially find a career path they had not considered before. For instance, I had a friend who was majoring in engineering but took an art history class as an elective and eventually switched majors because he realized his passion for art. Therefore, requiring students to take a range of courses can lead to personal and intellectual growth.
Объяснение: Здесь нужно оценить плюсы и минусы работы из дома и выразить своё мнение на основе конкретных аргументов.
Стратегия:
Ответ (пример):
I agree that working from home is better than working in an office for several reasons. First, working from home allows employees to save time and money on commuting. Instead of spending hours in traffic or on public transportation, people can use that time more productively, either for work or personal activities. For example, during the pandemic, I was able to start my workday earlier and have more free time in the evening because I didn't have to commute. Second, working from home provides a more flexible schedule. Employees can organize their day according to their needs, which often leads to higher job satisfaction and productivity. For instance, some people work better in the evening, and working from home allows them to adjust their hours accordingly. Therefore, I believe that working from home offers significant advantages.
Эти стратегии помогут вам уверенно подойти к заданиям по письменной части TOEFL и написать структурированные и аргументированные эссе.
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